kubernetes-the-hard-way/vagrant/README.md

# Vagrant

This directory contains the configuration for the virtual machines we will use for the installation.

A few prerequisites are handled by the VM provisioning steps.

## Kernel Settings

1. Install the `br_netfilter` kernel module that permits kube-proxy to manipulate IP tables rules.
1. Add the two tunables `net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1` and `net.ipv4.ip_forward=1` also required for successful pod networking.

## DNS settings

1. Set the default DNS server to be Google, as we know this always works.
1. Set up `/etc/hosts` so that all the VMs can resolve each other

## Other settings

1. Install configs for `vim` and `tmux` on controlplane01
Upgrade/1.24 (#291) * Set up Vagrantfile - Use Ubuntu 22.04 - Set required kernel parameters and tunables - Optimise file for DRY by use of local functions - No longer install Docker * Update prerequisites * Update compute resources * Update client-tools * Update cert authority * Update kube config files * Update sata encryption keys * Update etcd * Cert enhancements - Use dig for host IPs - Create front-proxy keys * Update prereqs with lab defaults * Minor update * Dynamic kubelet reconfig removed in 1.24 * Update failed provisioning * Update cert sujects. Use vars for IP addresses * Use vars for IP addresses * USe vars for IPs. Update unit file * Unit updates for 1.24. Use vars for IPs * 1.24 changes - Update unit files - Use vars for IPs - Install containerd * Use vars for IPs. Update outputs * Remove CNI plugins - done earlier * Update API versions * Adjust VM RAM * Update coredns version and api versions * Update git ignore and attributes * Note about deprecation warning * Fix kubeconfig name * Formatting changes + pin nginx version * Update kubetest * Update README * Discuss why only 2 masters * Note on changing service cidr range vs coredns * Add RAM column to VM table * Best practice - secure PKI * Secure kubeconfig * Add prev link * Adding `Prev` links * Squashed commit of the following: commit 8fbd36069cbf7365f627e5ebf5a04e37cde085d9 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:06:10 2022 +0100 Update dns-addon test commit 5528e873ecbe3265155da48d24c24d696635af52 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:00:48 2022 +0100 Fix get nodes commit 0d88ab0d1c4b6a7ae05bc2552366460f741bb763 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:00:19 2022 +0100 Fix env var name commit e564db03ff9c4c9ef536bcc5cd999fa1e6a3de15 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:42:52 2022 +0100 Update e2e-tests commit 247a59f2c5b84e34972f396cf87a34bcbeb2d2ef Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:39:54 2022 +0100 Updated e2e-tests commit 60b33d025bb252570f41c13f90955ec8d59141a7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:38:02 2022 +0100 bashify commands in ``` commit 2814949d6dd569c59ea7ec61135784d51ad4de1f Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:35:32 2022 +0100 Note deprecation warning when deploying weave commit af0264e13e5f0e277f8f31e5115a813680aadd74 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:33:55 2022 +0100 Nodes are ready at end of step 11 commit 050502386d36a8593ed7348e902cdff9ad9c64b2 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:30:00 2022 +0100 Minor change CNI commit 04bdc1483e9696ed018ac26b6480237ee1dcf1d1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:21:22 2022 +0100 Explain data at rest is in etcd commit 243154b9866f5a7a1a49037f97e38c6bf7ffbcb7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:18:49 2022 +0100 Explanation of api cluster ip commit dd168ac2e128cbd405248115d8724498fa18fa67 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:14:42 2022 +0100 Include vagrant password commit d51c65a77ac192e2468d92f0067958c69057a2e0 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:12:34 2022 +0100 Update tmux message commit 10f41737100ab410adb6b20712ee32cd80618e3d Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:09:23 2022 +0100 Insert step to configure CNI on both workers Optionally with tmux commit 8fd873f1492f6ea1c846b3309f57740e8501adee Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 18:42:27 2022 +0100 Shuffle up to make room for common cni install commit d650443b069a7543cbb4cf449818a81d84932007 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:59 2022 +0100 Added warning output to componentstatuses commit 7bfef8f16bd1a126dcf3e5f43a02d79517d64c74 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:38 2022 +0100 Rearrange text commit b16b92bc6513cf355a41afa22ddfe2696142c28b Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:18 2022 +0100 Minor wording change DNS arress is conventionally .10 commit 96c9d25663ce3d721e670262bb6858e9a7183873 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:32:24 2022 +0100 Use shell vars for etcd addresses commit c9e223fba5324a1c65d6f583cf9e739b8459df5d Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:31:58 2022 +0100 Update on network defaults commit 1cf98649df9410b8a7d14c68bcb17c24aa6a210a Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:05:38 2022 +0100 Get and install correct CNI components commit 311905fba72f4a48cde4a73c589daea9b76042b7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 06:18:55 2022 +0100 Update Approve CSR commit 4c39c84c172fde8ab2aafc4ea38b050eb7f3019b Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed Aug 24 20:34:53 2022 +0100 Moving certs out of service kuebeconfigs * Squashed commit of the following: commit 252cc335739e3c8007ab86c951222aba954d80f7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:29:23 2022 +0100 Update external links commit 8091d1a13bc5a29654db2b8fecd55b8180bf8cab Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:28:14 2022 +0100 Mac M1 note commit 8b7e6065ffb74532b6ad7570a8c978addcc7fb66 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:03:11 2022 +0100 Tweak order of commands e2e tests commit 857d039dd1dff28e92d392ad6c5e40814a9eb054 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:02:51 2022 +0100 Fixing kubecomfig checks commit 26f42049bebd2d539406e6e16c51bb06441702f1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 15:51:13 2022 +0100 Updated cert_verify commit 0df54e4c3499e6d79b836e1dfcf74eb9fdf196b1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 09:09:14 2022 +0100 Rewite cert_verify Round 1 certs and kubeconfigs * Update README - Insert CNI lab - Correct CNI versions * Automate hostfile network settings Determine from interface address passed in. * Update 01-prerequisites.md * Update 01-prerequisites.md Correct the default vm ip range * Review updates. Issue 1 * Review updates. Issue 2 * Review updates. Issue 3 In actual fact, the base script is cert_verfiy.sh so the error is in the link created by the provisioner. You'll see that the later labs all refer to it with underscore. * Review updates. Issue 5 * Review updates. Issue 6 * Review updates. Issue 7 I whip through the scripts so fast, that even if I had copied it twice to my quick script, I didn't notice it say that the resource exists and is unchanged! * These certs already copied in step 4 * Formatting and command grouping * Review updates. Step 11 cert_verify Needs to be done after kublet starts as it is looking for the auto-issued cert * Group coomand batches * Remove duplicate clusterrolebinding * Extraction of scripts from md using tool This uses markdown comments and ```bash fence to determine what to extract and for which hosts Fixed shell var bug in step 11 * Fixed typos * Be specific that we're doing shutdown, not suspend * Minor edits for clarity * remove the extra \ * Rename step 9 to CRI, as that's what it actually is * Disambiguate CRI vs CNI * small fixes Co-authored-by: Tej Singh Rana <58101587+Tej-Singh-Rana@users.noreply.github.com> 2022-09-20 07:17:00 +01:00			`# Vagrant`

			`This directory contains the configuration for the virtual machines we will use for the installation.`

			`A few prerequisites are handled by the VM provisioning steps.`

			`## Kernel Settings`

Adjust markdown formatting (#328) * Adjust markdown formatting: * Remove extra capitalization. * Remove extra curly braces {} inside Bash code blocks. * Use in-line code block `` for IP-addresses, file names and commands. * Add a dot at the end of sentences. * Use list formatting in `differences-to-original.md`. Also add escaping for angle brackets <>. * No logic changes were made, only formatting improvements. * 01-prerequisites.md: remove extra capitalization, remove extra space in "Virtual Box" * 01-prerequisites.md: split text into different lines (before, it was rendered into one line) * Remove extra capitalization, use inline code blocks, add a dot at the end of sentences. * 02-compute-resources.md: add escaping for angle brackets <>. * 03-client-tools.md: remove extra capitalization, use inline code blocks * 04-certificate-authority.md: remove extra capitalization, use inline code blocks, remove extra curly braces {} inside Bash code blocks * 04-certificate-authority.md: remove extra curly braces {} inside Bash code blocks * Revert back: all "remove extra curly braces {} inside Bash code blocks" As per @fireflycons https://github.com/mmumshad/kubernetes-the-hard-way/pull/328#issuecomment-1926329908 : > They are there for a reason. If you paste a block of code within braces, then it is not executed immediately by the shell - you have to press ENTER. Quite often when making changes to this repo and I have multiple terminals open, it gives me a chance to check that I have pasted the block into the correct terminal before it executes in the wrong terminal and borks everything. * Revert back: all "remove extra curly braces {} inside Bash code blocks" * Revert back all "Remove extra capitalization", as per request @fireflycons https://github.com/mmumshad/kubernetes-the-hard-way/pull/328#issuecomment-1944388993 2024-02-21 20:50:31 +00:00			1. Install the `br_netfilter` kernel module that permits kube-proxy to manipulate IP tables rules.
Upgrade/1.24 (#291) * Set up Vagrantfile - Use Ubuntu 22.04 - Set required kernel parameters and tunables - Optimise file for DRY by use of local functions - No longer install Docker * Update prerequisites * Update compute resources * Update client-tools * Update cert authority * Update kube config files * Update sata encryption keys * Update etcd * Cert enhancements - Use dig for host IPs - Create front-proxy keys * Update prereqs with lab defaults * Minor update * Dynamic kubelet reconfig removed in 1.24 * Update failed provisioning * Update cert sujects. Use vars for IP addresses * Use vars for IP addresses * USe vars for IPs. Update unit file * Unit updates for 1.24. Use vars for IPs * 1.24 changes - Update unit files - Use vars for IPs - Install containerd * Use vars for IPs. Update outputs * Remove CNI plugins - done earlier * Update API versions * Adjust VM RAM * Update coredns version and api versions * Update git ignore and attributes * Note about deprecation warning * Fix kubeconfig name * Formatting changes + pin nginx version * Update kubetest * Update README * Discuss why only 2 masters * Note on changing service cidr range vs coredns * Add RAM column to VM table * Best practice - secure PKI * Secure kubeconfig * Add prev link * Adding `Prev` links * Squashed commit of the following: commit 8fbd36069cbf7365f627e5ebf5a04e37cde085d9 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:06:10 2022 +0100 Update dns-addon test commit 5528e873ecbe3265155da48d24c24d696635af52 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:00:48 2022 +0100 Fix get nodes commit 0d88ab0d1c4b6a7ae05bc2552366460f741bb763 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 20:00:19 2022 +0100 Fix env var name commit e564db03ff9c4c9ef536bcc5cd999fa1e6a3de15 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:42:52 2022 +0100 Update e2e-tests commit 247a59f2c5b84e34972f396cf87a34bcbeb2d2ef Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:39:54 2022 +0100 Updated e2e-tests commit 60b33d025bb252570f41c13f90955ec8d59141a7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:38:02 2022 +0100 bashify commands in ``` commit 2814949d6dd569c59ea7ec61135784d51ad4de1f Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:35:32 2022 +0100 Note deprecation warning when deploying weave commit af0264e13e5f0e277f8f31e5115a813680aadd74 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:33:55 2022 +0100 Nodes are ready at end of step 11 commit 050502386d36a8593ed7348e902cdff9ad9c64b2 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:30:00 2022 +0100 Minor change CNI commit 04bdc1483e9696ed018ac26b6480237ee1dcf1d1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:21:22 2022 +0100 Explain data at rest is in etcd commit 243154b9866f5a7a1a49037f97e38c6bf7ffbcb7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:18:49 2022 +0100 Explanation of api cluster ip commit dd168ac2e128cbd405248115d8724498fa18fa67 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:14:42 2022 +0100 Include vagrant password commit d51c65a77ac192e2468d92f0067958c69057a2e0 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:12:34 2022 +0100 Update tmux message commit 10f41737100ab410adb6b20712ee32cd80618e3d Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 19:09:23 2022 +0100 Insert step to configure CNI on both workers Optionally with tmux commit 8fd873f1492f6ea1c846b3309f57740e8501adee Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 18:42:27 2022 +0100 Shuffle up to make room for common cni install commit d650443b069a7543cbb4cf449818a81d84932007 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:59 2022 +0100 Added warning output to componentstatuses commit 7bfef8f16bd1a126dcf3e5f43a02d79517d64c74 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:38 2022 +0100 Rearrange text commit b16b92bc6513cf355a41afa22ddfe2696142c28b Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:34:18 2022 +0100 Minor wording change DNS arress is conventionally .10 commit 96c9d25663ce3d721e670262bb6858e9a7183873 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:32:24 2022 +0100 Use shell vars for etcd addresses commit c9e223fba5324a1c65d6f583cf9e739b8459df5d Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:31:58 2022 +0100 Update on network defaults commit 1cf98649df9410b8a7d14c68bcb17c24aa6a210a Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 07:05:38 2022 +0100 Get and install correct CNI components commit 311905fba72f4a48cde4a73c589daea9b76042b7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu Aug 25 06:18:55 2022 +0100 Update Approve CSR commit 4c39c84c172fde8ab2aafc4ea38b050eb7f3019b Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed Aug 24 20:34:53 2022 +0100 Moving certs out of service kuebeconfigs * Squashed commit of the following: commit 252cc335739e3c8007ab86c951222aba954d80f7 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:29:23 2022 +0100 Update external links commit 8091d1a13bc5a29654db2b8fecd55b8180bf8cab Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:28:14 2022 +0100 Mac M1 note commit 8b7e6065ffb74532b6ad7570a8c978addcc7fb66 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:03:11 2022 +0100 Tweak order of commands e2e tests commit 857d039dd1dff28e92d392ad6c5e40814a9eb054 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 20:02:51 2022 +0100 Fixing kubecomfig checks commit 26f42049bebd2d539406e6e16c51bb06441702f1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 15:51:13 2022 +0100 Updated cert_verify commit 0df54e4c3499e6d79b836e1dfcf74eb9fdf196b1 Author: Alistair Mackay <34012094+fireflycons@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun Aug 28 09:09:14 2022 +0100 Rewite cert_verify Round 1 certs and kubeconfigs * Update README - Insert CNI lab - Correct CNI versions * Automate hostfile network settings Determine from interface address passed in. * Update 01-prerequisites.md * Update 01-prerequisites.md Correct the default vm ip range * Review updates. Issue 1 * Review updates. Issue 2 * Review updates. Issue 3 In actual fact, the base script is cert_verfiy.sh so the error is in the link created by the provisioner. You'll see that the later labs all refer to it with underscore. * Review updates. Issue 5 * Review updates. Issue 6 * Review updates. Issue 7 I whip through the scripts so fast, that even if I had copied it twice to my quick script, I didn't notice it say that the resource exists and is unchanged! * These certs already copied in step 4 * Formatting and command grouping * Review updates. Step 11 cert_verify Needs to be done after kublet starts as it is looking for the auto-issued cert * Group coomand batches * Remove duplicate clusterrolebinding * Extraction of scripts from md using tool This uses markdown comments and ```bash fence to determine what to extract and for which hosts Fixed shell var bug in step 11 * Fixed typos * Be specific that we're doing shutdown, not suspend * Minor edits for clarity * remove the extra \ * Rename step 9 to CRI, as that's what it actually is * Disambiguate CRI vs CNI * small fixes Co-authored-by: Tej Singh Rana <58101587+Tej-Singh-Rana@users.noreply.github.com> 2022-09-20 07:17:00 +01:00			1. Add the two tunables `net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1` and `net.ipv4.ip_forward=1` also required for successful pod networking.

			`## DNS settings`

			`1. Set the default DNS server to be Google, as we know this always works.`
			1. Set up `/etc/hosts` so that all the VMs can resolve each other

			`## Other settings`

Refresh and add Apple Silicon (#338) * Delete CKA stuff. It's covered in CKA repo * Rename nodes * Cluster up again * Update issue template * Update README * Begin rearranging docs * Update links * Initial mac instructions * iterm2 image * update ssh-copy-id to be cross platform * remove vagrant specific * Apple scripts WIP * Add var for architecture * order input files * Apple build working! * auto-locate docs * install sshpass * Set execute bit * apple done! * install sshpass * edits * Corrections * kube version output * Adjustments * Adjustments 2024-03-18 05:16:56 +00:00			1. Install configs for `vim` and `tmux` on controlplane01