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kubernetes-the-hard-way/docs/kubernetes-controller.md

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# Bootstrapping an H/A Kubernetes Control Plane
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In this lab you will bootstrap a 3 node Kubernetes controller cluster. The following virtual machines will be used:
```
NAME ZONE MACHINE_TYPE INTERNAL_IP STATUS
controller0 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.20 RUNNING
controller1 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.21 RUNNING
controller2 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.22 RUNNING
```
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## Why
The Kubernetes components that make up the control plane include the following components:
* Kubernetes API Server
* Kubernetes Scheduler
* Kubernetes Controller Manager
Each component is being run on the same machines for the following reasons:
* The Scheduler and Controller Manager are tightly coupled with the API Server
* Only one Scheduler and Controller Manager can be active at a given time, but it's ok to run multiple at the same time. Each component will elect a leader via the API Server.
* Running multiple copies of each component is required for H/A
* Running each component next to the API Server eases configuration.
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## Copy TLS Certs
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```
gcloud compute copy-files ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem controller0:~/
gcloud compute copy-files ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem controller1:~/
gcloud compute copy-files ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem controller2:~/
```
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## Provision the Kubernetes Controller Cluster
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### controller0
```
gcloud compute ssh controller0
```
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Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
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```
wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.3.0/kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes/server/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
```
```
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kubectl /usr/bin/
```
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#### Kubernetes API Server
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```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.20 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
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--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
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--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
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--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
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--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
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#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
let the pain begin
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```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
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--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
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--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
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#### Kubernetes Scheduler
let the pain begin
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```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
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#### Verification
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```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
```
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### controller1
```
gcloud compute ssh controller1
```
Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
```
wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.3.0/kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes/server/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
```
```
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kubectl /usr/bin/
```
#### Kubernetes API Server
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.21 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
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--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
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--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
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--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
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--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
#### Kubernetes Scheduler
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
#### Verification
```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
```
### controller2
```
gcloud compute ssh controller2
```
Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
```
wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.3.0/kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes.tar.gz
```
```
tar -xvf kubernetes/server/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
```
```
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler /usr/bin/
sudo cp kubernetes/server/bin/kubectl /usr/bin/
```
#### Kubernetes API Server
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.22 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
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--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
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--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
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--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
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--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
#### Kubernetes Scheduler
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
#### Verification
```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
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```
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## Setup Kubernetes API Server Frontend Load Balancer
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```
gcloud compute http-health-checks create kube-apiserver-check \
--description "Kubernetes API Server Health Check" \
--port 8080 \
--request-path /healthz
```
```
gcloud compute target-pools create kubernetes-pool \
--region us-central1 \
--health-check kube-apiserver-check
```
```
gcloud compute target-pools add-instances kubernetes-pool \
--instances controller0,controller1,controller2 \
--zone us-central1-f
```
```
gcloud compute addresses list
```
```
NAME REGION ADDRESS STATUS
kubernetes us-central1 146.148.34.151 RESERVED
```
```
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gcloud compute forwarding-rules create kubernetes-rule \
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--region us-central1 \
--ports 6443 \
--address 146.148.34.151 \
--target-pool kubernetes-pool
```
```
gcloud compute firewall-rules create kubernetes-api-server \
--allow tcp:6443
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```