mirror of
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kubernetes-the-hard-way.git
synced 2025-12-16 01:38:58 +03:00
Update to Kubernetes 1.10.2 and add gVisor support
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@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ Print a hexdump of the `kubernetes-the-hard-way` secret stored in etcd:
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```
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gcloud compute ssh controller-0 \
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--command "ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl get /registry/secrets/default/kubernetes-the-hard-way | hexdump -C"
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--command "sudo ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl get \
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--endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
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--cacert=/etc/etcd/ca.pem \
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--cert=/etc/etcd/kubernetes.pem \
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--key=/etc/etcd/kubernetes-key.pem\
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/registry/secrets/default/kubernetes-the-hard-way | hexdump -C"
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```
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> output
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@@ -27,17 +32,17 @@ gcloud compute ssh controller-0 \
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00000010 73 2f 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2f 6b 75 62 65 72 6e |s/default/kubern|
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00000020 65 74 65 73 2d 74 68 65 2d 68 61 72 64 2d 77 61 |etes-the-hard-wa|
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00000030 79 0a 6b 38 73 3a 65 6e 63 3a 61 65 73 63 62 63 |y.k8s:enc:aescbc|
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00000040 3a 76 31 3a 6b 65 79 31 3a ea 7c 76 32 43 62 6f |:v1:key1:.|v2Cbo|
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00000050 44 02 02 8c b7 ca fe 95 a5 33 f6 a1 18 6c 3d 53 |D........3...l=S|
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00000060 e7 9c 51 ee 32 f6 e4 17 ea bb 11 d5 2f e2 40 00 |..Q.2......./.@.|
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00000070 ae cf d9 e7 ba 7f 68 18 d3 c1 10 10 93 43 35 bd |......h......C5.|
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00000080 24 dd 66 b4 f8 f9 82 77 4a d5 78 03 19 41 1e bc |$.f....wJ.x..A..|
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00000090 94 3f 17 41 ad cc 8c ba 9f 8f 8e 56 97 7e 96 fb |.?.A.......V.~..|
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000000a0 8f 2e 6a a5 bf 08 1f 0b c3 4b 2b 93 d1 ec f8 70 |..j......K+....p|
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000000b0 c1 e4 1d 1a d2 0d f8 74 3a a1 4f 3c e0 c9 6d 3f |.......t:.O<..m?|
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000000c0 de a3 f5 fd 76 aa 5e bc 27 d9 3c 6b 8f 54 97 45 |....v.^.'.<k.T.E|
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000000d0 31 25 ff 23 90 a4 2a f2 db 78 b1 3b ca 21 f3 6b |1%.#..*..x.;.!.k|
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000000e0 dd fb 8e 53 c6 23 0d 35 c8 0a |...S.#.5..|
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00000040 3a 76 31 3a 6b 65 79 31 3a 7b 8e 59 78 0f 59 09 |:v1:key1:{.Yx.Y.|
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00000050 e2 6a ce cd f4 b6 4e ec bc 91 aa 87 06 29 39 8d |.j....N......)9.|
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00000060 70 e8 5d c4 b1 66 69 49 60 8f c0 cc 55 d3 69 2b |p.]..fiI`...U.i+|
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00000070 49 bb 0e 7b 90 10 b0 85 5b b1 e2 c6 33 b6 b7 31 |I..{....[...3..1|
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00000080 25 99 a1 60 8f 40 a9 e5 55 8c 0f 26 ae 76 dc 5b |%..`.@..U..&.v.[|
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00000090 78 35 f5 3e c1 1e bc 21 bb 30 e2 0c e3 80 1e 33 |x5.>...!.0.....3|
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000000a0 90 79 46 6d 23 d8 f9 a2 d7 5d ed 4d 82 2e 9a 5e |.yFm#....].M...^|
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000000b0 5d b6 3c 34 37 51 4b 83 de 99 1a ea 0f 2f 7c 9b |].<47QK....../|.|
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000000c0 46 15 93 aa ba 72 ba b9 bd e1 a3 c0 45 90 b1 de |F....r......E...|
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000000d0 c4 2e c8 d0 94 ec 25 69 7b af 08 34 93 12 3d 1c |......%i{..4..=.|
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000000e0 fd 23 9b ba e8 d1 25 56 f4 0a |.#....%V..|
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000000ea
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```
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@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ kubectl get pods -l run=nginx
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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nginx-4217019353-b5gzn 1/1 Running 0 15s
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nginx-65899c769f-xkfcn 1/1 Running 0 15s
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```
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### Port Forwarding
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@@ -99,13 +104,13 @@ curl --head http://127.0.0.1:8080
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```
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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Server: nginx/1.13.7
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Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2017 14:50:36 GMT
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Server: nginx/1.13.12
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Date: Mon, 14 May 2018 13:59:21 GMT
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Content-Type: text/html
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Content-Length: 612
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Last-Modified: Tue, 21 Nov 2017 14:28:04 GMT
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Last-Modified: Mon, 09 Apr 2018 16:01:09 GMT
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Connection: keep-alive
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ETag: "5a1437f4-264"
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ETag: "5acb8e45-264"
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Accept-Ranges: bytes
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```
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@@ -131,7 +136,7 @@ kubectl logs $POD_NAME
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> output
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```
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127.0.0.1 - - [18/Dec/2017:14:50:36 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.54.0" "-"
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127.0.0.1 - - [14/May/2018:13:59:21 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.52.1" "-"
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```
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### Exec
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@@ -147,7 +152,7 @@ kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME -- nginx -v
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> output
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```
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nginx version: nginx/1.13.7
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nginx version: nginx/1.13.12
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```
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## Services
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@@ -194,14 +199,128 @@ curl -I http://${EXTERNAL_IP}:${NODE_PORT}
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```
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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Server: nginx/1.13.7
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Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2017 14:52:09 GMT
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Server: nginx/1.13.12
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Date: Mon, 14 May 2018 14:01:30 GMT
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Content-Type: text/html
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Content-Length: 612
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Last-Modified: Tue, 21 Nov 2017 14:28:04 GMT
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Last-Modified: Mon, 09 Apr 2018 16:01:09 GMT
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Connection: keep-alive
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ETag: "5a1437f4-264"
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ETag: "5acb8e45-264"
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Accept-Ranges: bytes
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```
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## Untrusted Workloads
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This section will verify the ability to run untrusted workloads using [gVisor](https://github.com/google/gvisor).
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Create the `untrusted` pod:
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```
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cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Pod
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metadata:
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name: untrusted
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annotations:
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io.kubernetes.cri.untrusted-workload: "true"
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: webserver
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image: gcr.io/hightowerlabs/helloworld:2.0.0
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EOF
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```
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### Verification
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In this section you will verify the `untrusted` pod is running under gVisor (runsc) by inspecting the assigned worker node.
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Verify the `untrusted` pod is running:
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```
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kubectl get pods -o wide
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```
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
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busybox-68654f944b-djjjb 1/1 Running 0 5m 10.200.0.2 worker-0
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nginx-65899c769f-xkfcn 1/1 Running 0 4m 10.200.1.2 worker-1
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untrusted 1/1 Running 0 10s 10.200.0.3 worker-0
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```
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Get the node name where the `untrusted` pod is running:
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```
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INSTANCE_NAME=$(kubectl get pod untrusted --output=jsonpath='{.spec.nodeName}')
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```
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SSH into the worker node:
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```
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gcloud compute ssh ${INSTANCE_NAME}
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```
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List the containers running under gVisor:
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```
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sudo runsc --root /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io list
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```
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```
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I0514 14:03:56.108368 14988 x:0] ***************************
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I0514 14:03:56.108548 14988 x:0] Args: [runsc --root /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io list]
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I0514 14:03:56.108730 14988 x:0] Git Revision: 08879266fef3a67fac1a77f1ea133c3ac75759dd
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I0514 14:03:56.108787 14988 x:0] PID: 14988
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I0514 14:03:56.108838 14988 x:0] UID: 0, GID: 0
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I0514 14:03:56.108877 14988 x:0] Configuration:
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I0514 14:03:56.108912 14988 x:0] RootDir: /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io
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I0514 14:03:56.109000 14988 x:0] Platform: ptrace
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I0514 14:03:56.109080 14988 x:0] FileAccess: proxy, overlay: false
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I0514 14:03:56.109159 14988 x:0] Network: sandbox, logging: false
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I0514 14:03:56.109238 14988 x:0] Strace: false, max size: 1024, syscalls: []
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I0514 14:03:56.109315 14988 x:0] ***************************
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ID PID STATUS BUNDLE CREATED OWNER
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3528c6b270c76858e15e10ede61bd1100b77519e7c9972d51b370d6a3c60adbb 14766 running /run/containerd/io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux/k8s.io/3528c6b270c76858e15e10ede61bd1100b77519e7c9972d51b370d6a3c60adbb 2018-05-14T14:02:34.302378996Z
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7ff747c919c2dcf31e64d7673340885138317c91c7c51ec6302527df680ba981 14716 running /run/containerd/io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux/k8s.io/7ff747c919c2dcf31e64d7673340885138317c91c7c51ec6302527df680ba981 2018-05-14T14:02:32.159552044Z
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I0514 14:03:56.111287 14988 x:0] Exiting with status: 0
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```
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Get the ID of the `untrusted` pod:
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```
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POD_ID=$(sudo crictl -r unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock \
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pods --name untrusted -q)
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```
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Get the ID of the `webserver` container running in the `untrusted` pod:
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```
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CONTAINER_ID=$(sudo crictl -r unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock \
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ps -p ${POD_ID} -q)
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```
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Use the gVisor `runsc` command to display the processes running inside the `webserver` container:
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```
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sudo runsc --root /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io ps ${CONTAINER_ID}
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```
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> output
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```
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I0514 14:05:16.499237 15096 x:0] ***************************
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I0514 14:05:16.499542 15096 x:0] Args: [runsc --root /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io ps 3528c6b270c76858e15e10ede61bd1100b77519e7c9972d51b370d6a3c60adbb]
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I0514 14:05:16.499597 15096 x:0] Git Revision: 08879266fef3a67fac1a77f1ea133c3ac75759dd
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I0514 14:05:16.499644 15096 x:0] PID: 15096
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I0514 14:05:16.499695 15096 x:0] UID: 0, GID: 0
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I0514 14:05:16.499734 15096 x:0] Configuration:
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I0514 14:05:16.499769 15096 x:0] RootDir: /run/containerd/runsc/k8s.io
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I0514 14:05:16.499880 15096 x:0] Platform: ptrace
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I0514 14:05:16.499962 15096 x:0] FileAccess: proxy, overlay: false
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I0514 14:05:16.500042 15096 x:0] Network: sandbox, logging: false
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I0514 14:05:16.500120 15096 x:0] Strace: false, max size: 1024, syscalls: []
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I0514 14:05:16.500197 15096 x:0] ***************************
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UID PID PPID C STIME TIME CMD
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0 1 0 0 14:02 40ms app
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I0514 14:05:16.501354 15096 x:0] Exiting with status: 0
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```
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Next: [Cleaning Up](14-cleanup.md)
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