# Smoke Test In this lab you will complete a series of tasks to ensure your Kubernetes cluster is functioning correctly. ## Data Encryption In this section you will verify the ability to [encrypt secret data at rest](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/encrypt-data/#verifying-that-data-is-encrypted). Create a generic secret: ``` kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-the-hard-way \ --from-literal="mykey=mydata" ``` Print a hexdump of the `kubernetes-the-hard-way` secret stored in etcd: ``` gcloud compute ssh controller-0 \ --command "sudo ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl get \ --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \ --cacert=/etc/etcd/ca.pem \ --cert=/etc/etcd/kubernetes.pem \ --key=/etc/etcd/kubernetes-key.pem\ /registry/secrets/default/kubernetes-the-hard-way | hexdump -C" ``` > output ``` 00000000 2f 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 79 2f 73 65 63 72 65 74 |/registry/secret| 00000010 73 2f 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2f 6b 75 62 65 72 6e |s/default/kubern| 00000020 65 74 65 73 2d 74 68 65 2d 68 61 72 64 2d 77 61 |etes-the-hard-wa| 00000030 79 0a 6b 38 73 3a 65 6e 63 3a 61 65 73 63 62 63 |y.k8s:enc:aescbc| 00000040 3a 76 31 3a 6b 65 79 31 3a 44 ac 6e ac 11 2f 28 |:v1:key1:D.n../(| 00000050 02 46 3d ad 9d cd 68 be e4 cc 63 ae 13 e4 99 e8 |.F=...h...c.....| 00000060 6e 55 a0 fd 9d 33 7a b1 17 6b 20 19 23 dc 3e 67 |nU...3z..k .#.>g| 00000070 c9 6c 47 fa 78 8b 4d 28 cd d1 71 25 e9 29 ec 88 |.lG.x.M(..q%.)..| 00000080 7f c9 76 b6 31 63 6e ea ac c5 e4 2f 32 d7 a6 94 |..v.1cn..../2...| 00000090 3c 3d 97 29 40 5a ee e1 ef d6 b2 17 01 75 a4 a3 |<=.)@Z.......u..| 000000a0 e2 c2 70 5b 77 1a 0b ec 71 c3 87 7a 1f 68 73 03 |..p[w...q..z.hs.| 000000b0 67 70 5e ba 5e 65 ff 6f 0c 40 5a f9 2a bd d6 0e |gp^.^e.o.@Z.*...| 000000c0 44 8d 62 21 1a 30 4f 43 b8 03 69 52 c0 b7 2e 16 |D.b!.0OC..iR....| 000000d0 14 a5 91 21 29 fa 6e 03 47 e2 06 25 45 7c 4f 8f |...!).n.G..%E|O.| 000000e0 6e bb 9d 3b e9 e5 2d 9e 3e 0a |n..;..-.>.| ``` The etcd key should be prefixed with `k8s:enc:aescbc:v1:key1`, which indicates the `aescbc` provider was used to encrypt the data with the `key1` encryption key. ## Deployments In this section you will verify the ability to create and manage [Deployments](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/). Create a deployment for the [nginx](https://nginx.org/en/) web server: ``` kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx ``` List the pod created by the `nginx` deployment: ``` kubectl get pods -l app=nginx ``` > output ``` NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-554b9c67f9-vt5rn 1/1 Running 0 10s ``` ### Port Forwarding In this section you will verify the ability to access applications remotely using [port forwarding](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/port-forward-access-application-cluster/). Retrieve the full name of the `nginx` pod: ``` POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -l app=nginx -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") ``` Forward port `8080` on your local machine to port `80` of the `nginx` pod: ``` kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80 ``` > output ``` Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8080 -> 80 Forwarding from [::1]:8080 -> 80 ``` In a new terminal make an HTTP request using the forwarding address: ``` curl --head http://127.0.0.1:8080 ``` > output ``` HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.17.3 Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2019 21:10:11 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 612 Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Aug 2019 08:50:00 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5d5279b8-264" Accept-Ranges: bytes ``` Switch back to the previous terminal and stop the port forwarding to the `nginx` pod: ``` Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8080 -> 80 Forwarding from [::1]:8080 -> 80 Handling connection for 8080 ^C ``` ### Logs In this section you will verify the ability to [retrieve container logs](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/). Print the `nginx` pod logs: ``` kubectl logs $POD_NAME ``` > output ``` 127.0.0.1 - - [14/Sep/2019:21:10:11 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.52.1" "-" ``` ### Exec In this section you will verify the ability to [execute commands in a container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container/#running-individual-commands-in-a-container). Print the nginx version by executing the `nginx -v` command in the `nginx` container: ``` kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME -- nginx -v ``` > output ``` nginx version: nginx/1.17.3 ``` ## Services In this section you will verify the ability to expose applications using a [Service](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/). Expose the `nginx` deployment using a [NodePort](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#type-nodeport) service: ``` kubectl expose deployment nginx --port 80 --type NodePort ``` > The LoadBalancer service type can not be used because your cluster is not configured with [cloud provider integration](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/scratch/#cloud-provider). Setting up cloud provider integration is out of scope for this tutorial. Retrieve the node port assigned to the `nginx` service: ``` NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get svc nginx \ --output=jsonpath='{range .spec.ports[0]}{.nodePort}') ``` Create a firewall rule that allows remote access to the `nginx` node port: ``` gcloud compute firewall-rules create kubernetes-the-hard-way-allow-nginx-service \ --allow=tcp:${NODE_PORT} \ --network kubernetes-the-hard-way ``` Retrieve the external IP address of a worker instance: ``` EXTERNAL_IP=$(gcloud compute instances describe worker-0 \ --format 'value(networkInterfaces[0].accessConfigs[0].natIP)') ``` Make an HTTP request using the external IP address and the `nginx` node port: ``` curl -I http://${EXTERNAL_IP}:${NODE_PORT} ``` > output ``` HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.17.3 Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2019 21:12:35 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 612 Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Aug 2019 08:50:00 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5d5279b8-264" Accept-Ranges: bytes ``` Next: [Cleaning Up](14-cleanup.md)