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@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ Consulta le [linee guida per Contribuire](CONTRIBUTING.md).
* [Modelli di disponibilità](#availability-patterns) * [Modelli di disponibilità](#availability-patterns)
* [Fail-over](#fail-over) * [Fail-over](#fail-over)
* [Replica](#replication) * [Replica](#replication)
* [Availability in numbers](#availability-in-numbers) * [Disponibilità in numeri](#availability-in-numbers)
* [Domain name system](#domain-name-system) * [Domain name system](#domain-name-system)
* [Content delivery network](#content-delivery-network) * [Rete di distribuzione dei contenuti](#content-delivery-network)
* [Push CDNs](#push-cdns) * [Push CDNs](#push-cdns)
* [Pull CDNs](#pull-cdns) * [Pull CDNs](#pull-cdns)
* [Load balancer](#load-balancer) * [Load balancer](#load-balancer)
@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ Start broad and go deeper in a few areas. It helps to know a little about vario
* **Medium timeline** - Aim for **breadth** and **some depth** with system design topics. Practice by solving **many** interview questions. * **Medium timeline** - Aim for **breadth** and **some depth** with system design topics. Practice by solving **many** interview questions.
* **Long timeline** - Aim for **breadth** and **more depth** with system design topics. Practice by solving **most** interview questions. * **Long timeline** - Aim for **breadth** and **more depth** with system design topics. Practice by solving **most** interview questions.
| | Short | Medium | Long | | | Corto | Medio | Lungo |
|---|---|---|---| |---|---|---|---|
| Read through the [System design topics](#index-of-system-design-topics) to get a broad understanding of how systems work | :+1: | :+1: | :+1: | | Read through the [System design topics](#index-of-system-design-topics) to get a broad understanding of how systems work | :+1: | :+1: | :+1: |
| Read through a few articles in the [Company engineering blogs](#company-engineering-blogs) for the companies you are interviewing with | :+1: | :+1: | :+1: | | Read through a few articles in the [Company engineering blogs](#company-engineering-blogs) for the companies you are interviewing with | :+1: | :+1: | :+1: |
@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ You can use the following steps to guide the discussion. To help solidify this
### Step 1: Outline use cases, constraints, and assumptions ### Step 1: Outline use cases, constraints, and assumptions
Gather requirements and scope the problem. Ask questions to clarify use cases and constraints. Discuss assumptions. Raccogli i requisiti e individua il problema. Poni domande per chiarire casi d'uso e vincoli. Discuti delle ipotesi.
* Chi lo userà? * Chi lo userà?
* Come lo useranno? * Come lo useranno?
@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ Gather requirements and scope the problem. Ask questions to clarify use cases a
### Step 2: Creare un design di alto livello ### Step 2: Creare un design di alto livello
Outline a high level design with all important components. Delinea un design di alto livello con tutti i componenti importanti.
* Sketch the main components and connections * Sketch the main components and connections
* Justify your ideas * Justify your ideas
@ -275,99 +275,99 @@ You might be asked to do some estimates by hand. Refer to the [Appendix](#appen
* [Powers of two table](#powers-of-two-table) * [Powers of two table](#powers-of-two-table)
* [Latency numbers every programmer should know](#latency-numbers-every-programmer-should-know) * [Latency numbers every programmer should know](#latency-numbers-every-programmer-should-know)
### Source(s) and further reading ### Risorse e letture ulteriori
Check out the following links to get a better idea of what to expect: Visita i seguenti link per avere un'idea migliore su cosa aspettarti:
* [How to ace a systems design interview](https://www.palantir.com/2011/10/how-to-rock-a-systems-design-interview/) * [Come superare un colloquio di progettazione di sistemi](https://www.palantir.com/2011/10/how-to-rock-a-systems-design-interview/)
* [The system design interview](http://www.hiredintech.com/system-design) * [Il colloquio sulla progettazione di sistemi](http://www.hiredintech.com/system-design)
* [Intro to Architecture and Systems Design Interviews](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZgdS0EUmn70) * [Introduzione ai colloqui su Architettura e Progettazione di Sistemi](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZgdS0EUmn70)
* [System design template](https://leetcode.com/discuss/career/229177/My-System-Design-Template) * [Template per progettazione di sistemi](https://leetcode.com/discuss/career/229177/My-System-Design-Template)
## System design interview questions with solutions ## Domande da colloquio di progettazione del sistema con soluzioni
> Common system design interview questions with sample discussions, code, and diagrams. > Domande comuni da colloquio di progettazione del sistema con discussioni, codice e diagrammi di esempio.
> >
> Solutions linked to content in the `solutions/` folder. > Soluzioni collegate al contenuto nella cartella `solutions/`.
| Question | | | Domanda | |
|---|---| |---|---|
| Design Pastebin.com (or Bit.ly) | [Solution](solutions/system_design/pastebin/README.md) | | Progetta Pastebin.com (o Bit.ly) | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/pastebin/README.md) |
| Design the Twitter timeline and search (or Facebook feed and search) | [Solution](solutions/system_design/twitter/README.md) | | Progetta la timeline e la ricerca di Twitter (o il feed/ricerca di Facebook) | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/twitter/README.md) |
| Design a web crawler | [Solution](solutions/system_design/web_crawler/README.md) | | Progetta un web crawler | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/web_crawler/README.md) |
| Design Mint.com | [Solution](solutions/system_design/mint/README.md) | | Progetta Mint.com | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/mint/README.md) |
| Design the data structures for a social network | [Solution](solutions/system_design/social_graph/README.md) | | Progetta la strutture di dati per un social network | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/social_graph/README.md) |
| Design a key-value store for a search engine | [Solution](solutions/system_design/query_cache/README.md) | | Progetta un archivio key-value per un motore di ricerca | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/query_cache/README.md) |
| Design Amazon's sales ranking by category feature | [Solution](solutions/system_design/sales_rank/README.md) | | Progetta una classifica delle vendite di Amazon per categoria | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/sales_rank/README.md) |
| Design a system that scales to millions of users on AWS | [Solution](solutions/system_design/scaling_aws/README.md) | | Progetta un sistema che si adatta a milioni di utenti su AWS | [Soluzione](solutions/system_design/scaling_aws/README.md) |
| Add a system design question | [Contribute](#contributing) | | Aggiungi una domanda sulla progettazione di sistemi | [Contribuisci](#contributing) |
### Design Pastebin.com (or Bit.ly) ### Progetta Pastebin.com (o Bit.ly)
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/pastebin/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/pastebin/README.md)
![Imgur](images/4edXG0T.png) ![Imgur](images/4edXG0T.png)
### Design the Twitter timeline and search (or Facebook feed and search) ### Progetta la timeline e la ricerca di Twitter (o il feed/ricerca di Facebook)
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/twitter/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/twitter/README.md)
![Imgur](images/jrUBAF7.png) ![Imgur](images/jrUBAF7.png)
### Design a web crawler ### Progetta un web crawler
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/web_crawler/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/web_crawler/README.md)
![Imgur](images/bWxPtQA.png) ![Imgur](images/bWxPtQA.png)
### Design Mint.com ### prgetta Mint.com
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/mint/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/mint/README.md)
![Imgur](images/V5q57vU.png) ![Imgur](images/V5q57vU.png)
### Design the data structures for a social network ### Progetta la strutture di dati per un social network
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/social_graph/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/social_graph/README.md)
![Imgur](images/cdCv5g7.png) ![Imgur](images/cdCv5g7.png)
### Design a key-value store for a search engine ### Progetta un archivio key-value per un motore di ricerca
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/query_cache/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/query_cache/README.md)
![Imgur](images/4j99mhe.png) ![Imgur](images/4j99mhe.png)
### Design Amazon's sales ranking by category feature ### Progetta una classifica delle vendite di Amazon per categoria
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/sales_rank/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/sales_rank/README.md)
![Imgur](images/MzExP06.png) ![Imgur](images/MzExP06.png)
### Design a system that scales to millions of users on AWS ### Progetta un sistema che si adatta a milioni di utenti su AWS
[View exercise and solution](solutions/system_design/scaling_aws/README.md) [Visualizza esercizio e soluzione](solutions/system_design/scaling_aws/README.md)
![Imgur](images/jj3A5N8.png) ![Imgur](images/jj3A5N8.png)
## Object-oriented design interview questions with solutions ## Domande da colloquio per la progettazione orientata agli oggetti con soluzioni
> Common object-oriented design interview questions with sample discussions, code, and diagrams. > Domande comuni da colloquio di progettazione orientato agli oggetti con discussioni, codice e diagrammi di esempio.
> >
> Solutions linked to content in the `solutions/` folder. > Soluzioni collegate al contenuto nella cartella `solutions/`.
>**Note: This section is under development** >**Nota: Questa sezione è sotto sviluppo**
| Question | | | Question | |
|---|---| |---|---|
| Design a hash map | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/hash_table/hash_map.ipynb) | | Progetta una mappa hash | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/hash_table/hash_map.ipynb) |
| Design a least recently used cache | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/lru_cache/lru_cache.ipynb) | | Progetta una cache usata meno di recente | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/lru_cache/lru_cache.ipynb) |
| Design a call center | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/call_center/call_center.ipynb) | | Progetta un call center | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/call_center/call_center.ipynb) |
| Design a deck of cards | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/deck_of_cards/deck_of_cards.ipynb) | | Progetta un mazzo di carte | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/deck_of_cards/deck_of_cards.ipynb) |
| Design a parking lot | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/parking_lot/parking_lot.ipynb) | | Progetta un posteggio | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/parking_lot/parking_lot.ipynb) |
| Design a chat server | [Solution](solutions/object_oriented_design/online_chat/online_chat.ipynb) | | Progetta un server di chat | [Soluzione](solutions/object_oriented_design/online_chat/online_chat.ipynb) |
| Design a circular array | [Contribute](#contributing) | | Progetta un array circolare | [Contribuisci](#contributing) |
| Add an object-oriented design question | [Contribute](#contributing) | | Aggiungi una domanda di progettazione orientata agli oggetti | [Contribuisci](#contributing) |
## Temi sulla progettazione dei sistemi: inizia da qui ## Temi sulla progettazione dei sistemi: inizia da qui
@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ Tieni a mente che **qualsiasi scelta è un compromesso**.
Successivamente andremo in profondità su argomenti specifici come DNS, CDNs, e bilanciatori di carico. Successivamente andremo in profondità su argomenti specifici come DNS, CDNs, e bilanciatori di carico.
## Performance vs scalability ## Prestazioni vs scalabilità
A service is **scalable** if it results in increased **performance** in a manner proportional to resources added. Generally, increasing performance means serving more units of work, but it can also be to handle larger units of work, such as when datasets grow.<sup><a href=http://www.allthingsdistributed.com/2006/03/a_word_on_scalability.html>1</a></sup> A service is **scalable** if it results in increased **performance** in a manner proportional to resources added. Generally, increasing performance means serving more units of work, but it can also be to handle larger units of work, such as when datasets grow.<sup><a href=http://www.allthingsdistributed.com/2006/03/a_word_on_scalability.html>1</a></sup>
@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@ The application uses the cache as the main data store, reading and writing data
* Cache synchronously writes entry to data store * Cache synchronously writes entry to data store
* Return * Return
Application code: Codice applicazione:
```python ```python
set_user(12345, {"foo":"bar"}) set_user(12345, {"foo":"bar"})