212 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
212 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
# Smoke Test
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In this lab you will complete a series of tasks to ensure your Kubernetes cluster is functioning correctly.
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## Data Encryption
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In this section you will verify the ability to [encrypt secret data at rest](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/encrypt-data/#verifying-that-data-is-encrypted).
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Create a generic secret:
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```sh
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kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-the-hard-way \
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--from-literal="mykey=mydata"
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```
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Print a hexdump of the `kubernetes-the-hard-way` secret stored in etcd:
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```sh
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gcloud compute ssh controller-0 \
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--command "sudo ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl get \
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--endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
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--cacert=/etc/etcd/ca.pem \
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--cert=/etc/etcd/kubernetes.pem \
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--key=/etc/etcd/kubernetes-key.pem\
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/registry/secrets/default/kubernetes-the-hard-way | hexdump -C"
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```
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> output
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```sh
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00000000 2f 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 79 2f 73 65 63 72 65 74 |/registry/secret|
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00000010 73 2f 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2f 6b 75 62 65 72 6e |s/default/kubern|
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00000020 65 74 65 73 2d 74 68 65 2d 68 61 72 64 2d 77 61 |etes-the-hard-wa|
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00000030 79 0a 6b 38 73 3a 65 6e 63 3a 61 65 73 63 62 63 |y.k8s:enc:aescbc|
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00000040 3a 76 31 3a 6b 65 79 31 3a 44 ac 6e ac 11 2f 28 |:v1:key1:D.n../(|
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00000050 02 46 3d ad 9d cd 68 be e4 cc 63 ae 13 e4 99 e8 |.F=...h...c.....|
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00000060 6e 55 a0 fd 9d 33 7a b1 17 6b 20 19 23 dc 3e 67 |nU...3z..k .#.>g|
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00000070 c9 6c 47 fa 78 8b 4d 28 cd d1 71 25 e9 29 ec 88 |.lG.x.M(..q%.)..|
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00000080 7f c9 76 b6 31 63 6e ea ac c5 e4 2f 32 d7 a6 94 |..v.1cn..../2...|
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00000090 3c 3d 97 29 40 5a ee e1 ef d6 b2 17 01 75 a4 a3 |<=.)@Z.......u..|
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000000a0 e2 c2 70 5b 77 1a 0b ec 71 c3 87 7a 1f 68 73 03 |..p[w...q..z.hs.|
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000000b0 67 70 5e ba 5e 65 ff 6f 0c 40 5a f9 2a bd d6 0e |gp^.^e.o.@Z.*...|
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000000c0 44 8d 62 21 1a 30 4f 43 b8 03 69 52 c0 b7 2e 16 |D.b!.0OC..iR....|
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000000d0 14 a5 91 21 29 fa 6e 03 47 e2 06 25 45 7c 4f 8f |...!).n.G..%E|O.|
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000000e0 6e bb 9d 3b e9 e5 2d 9e 3e 0a |n..;..-.>.|
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```
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The etcd key should be prefixed with `k8s:enc:aescbc:v1:key1`, which indicates the `aescbc` provider was used to encrypt the data with the `key1` encryption key.
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## Deployments
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In this section you will verify the ability to create and manage [Deployments](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/).
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Create a deployment for the [nginx](https://nginx.org/en/) web server:
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```sh
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kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
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```
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List the pod created by the `nginx` deployment:
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```sh
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kubectl get pods -l app=nginx
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```
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> output
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```sh
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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nginx-554b9c67f9-vt5rn 1/1 Running 0 10s
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```
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### Port Forwarding
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In this section you will verify the ability to access applications remotely using [port forwarding](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/port-forward-access-application-cluster/).
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Retrieve the full name of the `nginx` pod:
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```sh
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POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -l app=nginx -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
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```
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Forward port `8080` on your local machine to port `80` of the `nginx` pod:
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```sh
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kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
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```
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> output
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```sh
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Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8080 -> 80
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Forwarding from [::1]:8080 -> 80
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```
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In a new terminal make an HTTP request using the forwarding address:
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```sh
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curl --head http://127.0.0.1:8080
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```
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> output
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```sh
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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Server: nginx/1.17.3
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Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2019 21:10:11 GMT
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Content-Type: text/html
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Content-Length: 612
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Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Aug 2019 08:50:00 GMT
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Connection: keep-alive
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ETag: "5d5279b8-264"
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Accept-Ranges: bytes
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```
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Switch back to the previous terminal and stop the port forwarding to the `nginx` pod:
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```sh
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Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8080 -> 80
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Forwarding from [::1]:8080 -> 80
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Handling connection for 8080
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^C
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```
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### Logs
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In this section you will verify the ability to [retrieve container logs](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/).
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Print the `nginx` pod logs:
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```sh
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kubectl logs $POD_NAME
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```
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> output
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```sh
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127.0.0.1 - - [14/Sep/2019:21:10:11 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.52.1" "-"
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```
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### Exec
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In this section you will verify the ability to [execute commands in a container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container/#running-individual-commands-in-a-container).
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Print the nginx version by executing the `nginx -v` command in the `nginx` container:
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```sh
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kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME -- nginx -v
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```
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> output
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```sh
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nginx version: nginx/1.17.3
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```
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## Services
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In this section you will verify the ability to expose applications using a [Service](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/).
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Expose the `nginx` deployment using a [NodePort](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#type-nodeport) service:
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```sh
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kubectl expose deployment nginx --port 80 --type NodePort
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```
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> The LoadBalancer service type can not be used because your cluster is not configured with [cloud provider integration](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/scratch/#cloud-provider). Setting up cloud provider integration is out of scope for this tutorial.
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Retrieve the node port assigned to the `nginx` service:
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```sh
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NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get svc nginx \
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--output=jsonpath='{range .spec.ports[0]}{.nodePort}')
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```
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Create a firewall rule that allows remote access to the `nginx` node port:
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```sh
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gcloud compute firewall-rules create kubernetes-the-hard-way-allow-nginx-service \
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--allow=tcp:${NODE_PORT} \
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--network kubernetes-the-hard-way
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```
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Retrieve the external IP address of a worker instance:
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```sh
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EXTERNAL_IP=$(gcloud compute instances describe worker-0 \
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--format 'value(networkInterfaces[0].accessConfigs[0].natIP)')
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```
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Make an HTTP request using the external IP address and the `nginx` node port:
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```sh
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curl -I http://${EXTERNAL_IP}:${NODE_PORT}
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```
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> output
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```sh
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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Server: nginx/1.17.3
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Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2019 21:12:35 GMT
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Content-Type: text/html
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Content-Length: 612
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Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Aug 2019 08:50:00 GMT
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Connection: keep-alive
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ETag: "5d5279b8-264"
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Accept-Ranges: bytes
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```
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Next: [Cleaning Up](14-cleanup.md)
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