487 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
487 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
# Cloud Infrastructure Provisioning - Amazon Web Services
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This lab will walk you through provisioning the compute instances required for running a H/A Kubernetes cluster. A total of 6 virtual machines will be created.
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The guide assumes you'll be creating resources in the `us-west-2` region.
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After completing this guide you should have the following compute instances:
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> All machines will be provisioned with fixed private IP addresses to simplify the bootstrap process.
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To make our Kubernetes control plane remotely accessible, a public IP address will be provisioned and assigned to a Load Balancer that will sit in front of the 3 Kubernetes controllers.
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## Networking
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### VPC
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```
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VPC_ID=$(aws ec2 create-vpc \
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--cidr-block 10.240.0.0/16 | \
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jq -r '.Vpc.VpcId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${VPC_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-vpc-attribute \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} \
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--enable-dns-support '{"Value": true}'
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-vpc-attribute \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} \
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--enable-dns-hostnames '{"Value": true}'
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```
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### DHCP Option Sets
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```
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DHCP_OPTION_SET_ID=$(aws ec2 create-dhcp-options \
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--dhcp-configuration "Key=domain-name,Values=us-west-2.compute.internal" \
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"Key=domain-name-servers,Values=AmazonProvidedDNS" | \
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jq -r '.DhcpOptions.DhcpOptionsId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${DHCP_OPTION_SET_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws ec2 associate-dhcp-options \
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--dhcp-options-id ${DHCP_OPTION_SET_ID} \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID}
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```
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### Subnets
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Create a subnet for the Kubernetes cluster:
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```
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SUBNET_ID=$(aws ec2 create-subnet \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} \
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--cidr-block 10.240.0.0/24 | \
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jq -r '.Subnet.SubnetId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${SUBNET_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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Create a subnet for the ELB, so its IP address doesn't collide with the VMs.
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```
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ELB_SUBNET_ID=$(aws ec2 create-subnet \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} \
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--cidr-block 10.240.1.0/24 | \
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jq -r '.Subnet.SubnetId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${ELB_SUBNET_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes-elb
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```
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### Internet Gateways
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```
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INTERNET_GATEWAY_ID=$(aws ec2 create-internet-gateway | \
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jq -r '.InternetGateway.InternetGatewayId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${INTERNET_GATEWAY_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws ec2 attach-internet-gateway \
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--internet-gateway-id ${INTERNET_GATEWAY_ID} \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID}
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```
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### Route Tables
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```
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ROUTE_TABLE_ID=$(aws ec2 create-route-table \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} | \
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jq -r '.RouteTable.RouteTableId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${ROUTE_TABLE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws ec2 associate-route-table \
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--route-table-id ${ROUTE_TABLE_ID} \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID}
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```
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```
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aws ec2 associate-route-table \
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--route-table-id ${ROUTE_TABLE_ID} \
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--subnet-id ${ELB_SUBNET_ID}
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-route \
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--route-table-id ${ROUTE_TABLE_ID} \
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--destination-cidr-block 0.0.0.0/0 \
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--gateway-id ${INTERNET_GATEWAY_ID}
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```
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### Firewall Rules
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```
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SECURITY_GROUP_ID=$(aws ec2 create-security-group \
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--group-name kubernetes \
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--description "Kubernetes security group" \
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--vpc-id ${VPC_ID} | \
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jq -r '.GroupId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
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--group-id ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--protocol all
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```
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```
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aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
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--group-id ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--protocol all \
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--port 0-65535 \
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--cidr 10.240.0.0/16
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```
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```
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aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
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--group-id ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--protocol tcp \
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--port 22 \
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--cidr 0.0.0.0/0
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```
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```
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aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
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--group-id ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--protocol tcp \
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--port 6443 \
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--cidr 0.0.0.0/0
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```
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```
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aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
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--group-id ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--protocol all \
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--source-group ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID}
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```
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### Kubernetes Public Address
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An ELB will be used to load balance traffic across the Kubernetes control plane.
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```
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aws elb create-load-balancer \
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--load-balancer-name kubernetes \
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--listeners "Protocol=TCP,LoadBalancerPort=6443,InstanceProtocol=TCP,InstancePort=6443" \
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--subnets ${ELB_SUBNET_ID} \
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--security-groups ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID}
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```
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## Provision Virtual Machines
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All the VMs in this lab will be provisioned using Ubuntu 16.04 mainly because it runs a newish Linux Kernel that has good support for Docker.
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All virtual machines in this section will be created with the `--no-source-dest-check` flag to enable traffic between foreign subnets to flow. The will enable Pods to communicate with nodes and other Pods via the Kubernetes service IP.
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### Create Instance IAM Policies
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```
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cat > kubernetes-iam-role.json <<'EOF'
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{
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"Version": "2012-10-17",
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"Statement": [
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{"Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": "ec2.amazonaws.com"}, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"}
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]
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}
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EOF
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```
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```
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aws iam create-role \
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--role-name kubernetes \
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--assume-role-policy-document file://kubernetes-iam-role.json
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```
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```
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cat > kubernetes-iam-policy.json <<'EOF'
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{
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"Version": "2012-10-17",
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"Statement": [
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{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["ec2:*"], "Resource": ["*"]},
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{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["elasticloadbalancing:*"], "Resource": ["*"]},
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{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["route53:*"], "Resource": ["*"]},
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{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["ecr:*"], "Resource": "*"}
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]
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}
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EOF
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```
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```
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aws iam put-role-policy \
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--role-name kubernetes \
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--policy-name kubernetes \
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--policy-document file://kubernetes-iam-policy.json
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```
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```
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aws iam create-instance-profile \
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--instance-profile-name kubernetes
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```
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```
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aws iam add-role-to-instance-profile \
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--instance-profile-name kubernetes \
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--role-name kubernetes
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```
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### Chosing an Image
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Use the [Ubuntu Amazon EC2 AMI Locator](https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/locator/ec2/) to find the right image-id for your zone. This guide assumes the `us-west-2` zone.
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```
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IMAGE_ID="ami-746aba14"
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```
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### Generate A SSH Key Pair
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```
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aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name kubernetes | \
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jq -r '.KeyMaterial' > ~/.ssh/kubernetes_the_hard_way
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```
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```
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chmod 600 ~/.ssh/kubernetes_the_hard_way
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```
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```
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ssh-add ~/.ssh/kubernetes_the_hard_way
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```
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#### SSH Access
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Once the virtual machines are created you'll be able to login into each machine using ssh like this:
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```
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WORKER_0_PUBLIC_IP_ADDRESS=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
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--filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=worker0" | \
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jq -j '.Reservations[].Instances[].PublicIpAddress')
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```
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> The instance public IP address can also be obtained from the EC2 console. Each node will be tagged with a unique name.
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```
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ssh ubuntu@${WORKER_0_PUBLIC_IP_ADDRESS}
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```
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### Virtual Machines
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#### Kubernetes Controllers
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```
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CONTROLLER_0_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.10 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${CONTROLLER_0_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${CONTROLLER_0_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=controller0
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```
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```
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CONTROLLER_1_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.11 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${CONTROLLER_1_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${CONTROLLER_1_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=controller1
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```
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```
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CONTROLLER_2_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.12 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${CONTROLLER_2_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${CONTROLLER_2_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=controller2
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```
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#### Kubernetes Workers
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```
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WORKER_0_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.20 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${WORKER_0_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${WORKER_0_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=worker0
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```
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```
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WORKER_1_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.21 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${WORKER_1_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${WORKER_1_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=worker1
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```
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```
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WORKER_2_INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
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--associate-public-ip-address \
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--iam-instance-profile 'Name=kubernetes' \
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--image-id ${IMAGE_ID} \
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--count 1 \
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--key-name kubernetes \
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--security-group-ids ${SECURITY_GROUP_ID} \
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--instance-type t2.small \
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--private-ip-address 10.240.0.22 \
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--subnet-id ${SUBNET_ID} | \
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jq -r '.Instances[].InstanceId')
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```
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```
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aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
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--instance-id ${WORKER_2_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--no-source-dest-check
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```
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```
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aws ec2 create-tags \
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--resources ${WORKER_2_INSTANCE_ID} \
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--tags Key=Name,Value=worker2
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```
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## Verify
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```
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aws ec2 describe-instances \
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--filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" | \
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jq -j '.Reservations[].Instances[] | .InstanceId, " ", .Placement.AvailabilityZone, " ", .PrivateIpAddress, " ", .PublicIpAddress, "\n"'
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```
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```
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i-ae714f73 us-west-2c 10.240.0.11 XX.XX.XX.XXX
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i-f4714f29 us-west-2c 10.240.0.21 XX.XX.XXX.XXX
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i-f6714f2b us-west-2c 10.240.0.12 XX.XX.XX.XX
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i-e26e503f us-west-2c 10.240.0.22 XX.XX.XXX.XXX
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i-e8714f35 us-west-2c 10.240.0.10 XX.XX.XXX.XXX
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i-78704ea5 us-west-2c 10.240.0.20 XX.XX.XXX.XXX
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```
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