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kubernetes-the-hard-way/docs/kubernetes-controller.md

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# Bootstrapping an H/A Kubernetes Control Plane
In this lab you will bootstrap a 3 node Kubernetes controller cluster. The following virtual machines will be used:
```
NAME ZONE MACHINE_TYPE INTERNAL_IP STATUS
controller0 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.20 RUNNING
controller1 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.21 RUNNING
controller2 us-central1-f n1-standard-1 10.240.0.22 RUNNING
```
In this lab you will also create a frontend load balancer with a public IP address for remote access to the API servers and H/A.
## Why
The Kubernetes components that make up the control plane include the following components:
* Kubernetes API Server
* Kubernetes Scheduler
* Kubernetes Controller Manager
Each component is being run on the same machines for the following reasons:
* The Scheduler and Controller Manager are tightly coupled with the API Server
* Only one Scheduler and Controller Manager can be active at a given time, but it's ok to run multiple at the same time. Each component will elect a leader via the API Server.
* Running multiple copies of each component is required for H/A
* Running each component next to the API Server eases configuration.
## Provision the Kubernetes Controller Cluster
### controller0
```
gcloud compute ssh controller0
```
Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-apiserver
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-controller-manager
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-scheduler
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
```
```
chmod +x kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl
```
```
sudo mv kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/bin/
```
#### Kubernetes API Server
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.20 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
#### Kubernetes Scheduler
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
#### Verification
```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
```
### controller1
```
gcloud compute ssh controller1
```
Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-apiserver
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-controller-manager
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-scheduler
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
```
```
chmod +x kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl
```
```
sudo mv kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/bin/
```
#### Kubernetes API Server
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.21 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
#### Kubernetes Scheduler
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
#### Verification
```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
```
### controller2
```
gcloud compute ssh controller2
```
Move the TLS certificates in place:
```
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/kubernetes
```
```
sudo mv ca.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem /var/run/kubernetes/
```
Download and install the Kubernetes controller binaries:
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-apiserver
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-controller-manager
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kube-scheduler
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
```
```
chmod +x kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl
```
```
sudo mv kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/bin/
```
#### Kubernetes API Server
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
cat authorization-policy.jsonl
```
```
sudo mv authorization-policy.jsonl /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/hightowerlabs/token.csv
```
```
cat token.csv
```
```
sudo mv token.csv /var/run/kubernetes/
```
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota \
--advertise-address=10.240.0.22 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--apiserver-count=3 \
--authorization-mode=ABAC \
--authorization-policy-file=/var/run/kubernetes/authorization-policy.jsonl \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-swagger-ui=true \
--etcd-cafile=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--kubelet-certificate-authority=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.240.0.10:2379,https://10.240.0.11:2379,https://10.240.0.12:2379 \
--service-account-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--tls-cert-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--token-auth-file=/var/run/kubernetes/token.csv \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-apiserver
sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
```
#### Kubernetes Controller Manager
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--cluster-cidr=10.200.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--root-ca-file=/var/run/kubernetes/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/var/run/kubernetes/kubernetes-key.pem \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```
#### Kubernetes Scheduler
```
sudo sh -c 'echo "[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target" > /etc/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service'
```
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable kube-scheduler
sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
```
```
sudo systemctl status kube-scheduler
```
#### Verification
```
kubectl get componentstatuses
```
```
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
```
## Setup Kubernetes API Server Frontend Load Balancer
The virtual machines created in this tutorial will not have permission to complete this section. Run the following commands from the same place used to create the virtual machines for this tutorial.
```
gcloud compute http-health-checks create kube-apiserver-check \
--description "Kubernetes API Server Health Check" \
--port 8080 \
--request-path /healthz
```
```
gcloud compute target-pools create kubernetes-pool \
--region us-central1 \
--health-check kube-apiserver-check
```
```
gcloud compute target-pools add-instances kubernetes-pool \
--instances controller0,controller1,controller2 \
--zone us-central1-f
```
```
gcloud compute addresses list
```
```
NAME REGION ADDRESS STATUS
kubernetes us-central1 104.197.132.159 RESERVED
```
```
gcloud compute forwarding-rules create kubernetes-rule \
--region us-central1 \
--ports 6443 \
--address 104.197.132.159 \
--target-pool kubernetes-pool
```
```
gcloud compute firewall-rules create kubernetes-api-server \
--allow tcp:6443
```
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